Lie detectors, also known as polygraphs, do NOT detect lies, they detect changes in physiology that are associated with stressful thoughts and deceptive behavior. Polygraph machines measure blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and skin's electro-conductivity (sweat). They are NOT interpretive: polygraphs themselves can't distinguish a lie from the truth. When someone tells a lie there are certain changes that involuntarily take place in the body: the heart beats more rapidly, breathing becomes faster, and they tend to sweat more. These physiological responses are a reaction to the tension and stress a person feels when they tell a lie and fear being discovered. Lies are identified with the help of a skilled polygraph examiner who analyzes the recorded responses of the polygraph after a series of questions. Since the identification of a lie is open to human interpretation and is not considered scientifically credible, they are not normally admissible as evidence in a court of law.
Some people have come up with tips on how to "beat" the polygraph, such as doing math in your head or biting your tongue hard enough to cause a bit of pain.
Any further questions?
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